Hadhabani (tribe)

Hadhabani
Hadhabani
Country	Middle East
Final ruler	Sultan ibn Mahmud (Armenia) Fadlun ibn Fadl (Arran) An-Nasir Yusuf (Syria) Al-Ashraf Musa (Egypt)
Cadet branches	Ayyubid Dynasty Shaddadid Dynasty

Hadhabani or Hadhbāni, Hadhbānī, Hadhbâniyya^[1] (also: Hadhbani) (Kurdish: ھەزەبانی, هۆزبان, Hecbanî) was a large medieval Sunni Muslim Kurdish tribe divided into several groups, centered at Arbil, Oshnavieh and Urmia. Their dominion included the regions of Maragha and Urmia to the east, Arbil, Sinjar, and parts of Jazira to the south and west, and Barkari, Hakkari to the north,^[1]^[2] as Erbil being one of their capital,^[3] ruling between the year 906 to 1131.^[4]

Etymology[edit]

According to vladimir Minorsky, The name of the Tribe is derived from geographical term for the region of Irbil, which is preserved in the name of the Nestorian diocese, Adiabene (HaSayyap).^[5] the name is most likely a combination of hoz ("tribe") and bān ("leader"or" chief"), in Kurdish. which means tribal leader.^[6]

History[edit]

According to Ibn Hawqal the region of Jazira was the Summer pasture of Hadhabani Kurds,^[7] about 10th century they gradually immigrated northward to the areas around Lake Urmia with Ushnu as their summer capital. They ruled the area for a while but later split to a few branches who spread across Azerbaijan, and Caucasus.

In 1041AD, after the defeat of the invading Ghuz turks and subsequent massacre in Urmia by Rawadids and Hadhbani Kurds. They fled to Hakkari where they ravaged it. they were eventually defeated by the Kurds and 1500 Ghuz tribesmen were killed and the survivors were enslaved by the Kurds.^[8]^[9]

Hadhabani branches[edit]

The Mihranis were a branch of the Hadhbani tribe, resided near Mosul and Erbil. They made the infamous Kurdish corps Mihraniyya of the Ayyubid Army.^[10]^[11]

the Zarzari tribe, may have been a branch of Hadhabani tribe that inhabited ushnu and Rawanduz. while some Zarzaris resided in Sinjar.^[3]^[12]

Shaddadids and Ayyubids were descendant of one of the Hadhabani branches.^[13]^[14]^[15]

Rulers[edit]

Muhammad son of Bilal, around 906 came in conflicts with Abbasids, eventually retired to Azarbaijan.
Jafar son of Shakkoya around 943, Salmas,
Mir Abu Hija Musk son of Chako
Abu Hidja son of Rabib al Dawla c. 1040 Urmia,
Mir Sharraf al-Din Isa son of Musk c. 1045
Mir Salar son of Musa c. 1046
Mir Abul Hasan Ali son of Musk c. 1046–48
Mir Abu Ali al al-Hasan son of Musk 1048–63
Mir Abu Hija II, Husain son of Abi Ali Al-Hasan 1063-1080

References[edit]

^ ^a ^b Bozarslan, Hamit; Gunes, Cengiz; Yadirgi, Veli, eds. (2021). The Cambridge History of the Kurds. Cambridge University Press. p. 27. ISBN 978-1-108-47335-4.
^ Peacock, Andrew (2017). "Rawwadids". Encyclopædia Iranica, online edition. New York.
^ ^a ^b E.J. Brill's First Encyclopaedia of Islam, 1913-1936. BRILL. p. 1049. ISBN 978-90-04-09794-0
^ عبدالعزيز محمود, احمد (2006). الامارة الهذبانية الكردية في آذربيجان وأربيل والجزيرة الفراتية (in Arabic). مكتب التفسير للنشر والإعلان. pp. 65–66.
^ Minorsky, Vladimir (1953). Studies in Caucasian History. New York: Taylor’s Foreign Press. ISBN 0-521-05735-3. P. 129.
^ احمد عبدالعزیز محمود، (2006). الإمارة الهذبانية الكردية في أذربيجان وأربيل والجزيرة الفراتية. .P. 39-40.
^ Bozarslan, Hamit; Gunes, Cengiz; Yadirgi, Veli, eds. (2021). The Cambridge History of the Kurds. Cambridge University Press. p. 26. ISBN 978-1-108-47335-4.
^ Peacock, Andrew (2017). "Rawwadids". Encyclopædia Iranica, online edition. New York.
^ Houtsma, M. Th (1993). E. J. Brill's First Encyclopaedia of Islam, 1913-1936. BRILL. p. 1138. ISBN 978-90-04-09790-2
^ Humphreys, Stephen (1977), From Saladin to the Mongols: The Ayyubids of Damascus, 1193–1260, SUNY ISBN 978-0-87395-263-7 . p.430.
^ احمد عبدالعزیز محمود، (2006). الإمارة الهذبانية الكردية في أذربيجان وأربيل والجزيرة الفراتية. .P. 44.
^ احمد عبدالعزیز محمود، (2006). الإمارة الهذبانية الكردية في أذربيجان وأربيل والجزيرة الفراتية. .P. 71-72.
^ Bozarslan, Hamit; Gunes, Cengiz; Yadirgi, Veli, eds. (2021). The Cambridge History of the Kurds. Cambridge University Press. p. 30. ISBN 978-1-108-47335-4.
^ Conder, Claude Reignier (1897). The Life of Saladin. Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund. p. xv. LCCN 05039632. Salah ed-Din (Saladin) was the son of Ayûb, and grandson of Shadi, a Rawadiya Kurd of the great Hadâniya Tribe. He was thus of Kurd descent. Several of his bravest warriors and most trusted counsellors were Kurds, and during his reign, and that of his brother el'Adel, Kurds ruled in Armenia, Mesopotamia, Syria, Palestine, Egypt, and Arabia.
^ Bosworth, Clifford Edmund (1996). The New Islamic Dynasties: A Chronological and Genealogical Manual. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. p. 73. ISBN 0-7486-0684-X.

External links[edit]

Sample of a Hadhabani coin

[:0-1] Bozarslan, Hamit; Gunes, Cengiz; Yadirgi, Veli, eds. (2021). The Cambridge History of the Kurds. Cambridge University Press. p. 27. ISBN 978-1-108-47335-4.

[2] Peacock, Andrew (2017). "Rawwadids". Encyclopædia Iranica, online edition. New York.

[:1-3] E.J. Brill's First Encyclopaedia of Islam, 1913-1936. BRILL. p. 1049. ISBN 978-90-04-09794-0

[4] عبدالعزيز محمود, احمد (2006). الامارة الهذبانية الكردية في آذربيجان وأربيل والجزيرة الفراتية (in Arabic). مكتب التفسير للنشر والإعلان. pp. 65–66.

[5] Minorsky, Vladimir (1953). Studies in Caucasian History. New York: Taylor’s Foreign Press. ISBN 0-521-05735-3. P. 129.

[6] احمد عبدالعزیز محمود، (2006). الإمارة الهذبانية الكردية في أذربيجان وأربيل والجزيرة الفراتية. .P. 39-40.

[7] Bozarslan, Hamit; Gunes, Cengiz; Yadirgi, Veli, eds. (2021). The Cambridge History of the Kurds. Cambridge University Press. p. 26. ISBN 978-1-108-47335-4.

[8] Peacock, Andrew (2017). "Rawwadids". Encyclopædia Iranica, online edition. New York.

[9] Houtsma, M. Th (1993). E. J. Brill's First Encyclopaedia of Islam, 1913-1936. BRILL. p. 1138. ISBN 978-90-04-09790-2

[10] Humphreys, Stephen (1977), From Saladin to the Mongols: The Ayyubids of Damascus, 1193–1260, SUNY ISBN 978-0-87395-263-7 . p.430.

[11] احمد عبدالعزیز محمود، (2006). الإمارة الهذبانية الكردية في أذربيجان وأربيل والجزيرة الفراتية. .P. 44.

[12] احمد عبدالعزیز محمود، (2006). الإمارة الهذبانية الكردية في أذربيجان وأربيل والجزيرة الفراتية. .P. 71-72.

[13] Bozarslan, Hamit; Gunes, Cengiz; Yadirgi, Veli, eds. (2021). The Cambridge History of the Kurds. Cambridge University Press. p. 30. ISBN 978-1-108-47335-4.

[14] Conder, Claude Reignier (1897). The Life of Saladin. Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund. p. xv. LCCN 05039632. Salah ed-Din (Saladin) was the son of Ayûb, and grandson of Shadi, a Rawadiya Kurd of the great Hadâniya Tribe. He was thus of Kurd descent. Several of his bravest warriors and most trusted counsellors were Kurds, and during his reign, and that of his brother el'Adel, Kurds ruled in Armenia, Mesopotamia, Syria, Palestine, Egypt, and Arabia.

[15] Bosworth, Clifford Edmund (1996). The New Islamic Dynasties: A Chronological and Genealogical Manual. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. p. 73. ISBN 0-7486-0684-X.

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v t e Kurdish tribes
Iraq	Balak Bajalan Barzani Chegini Feyli Gewirk Guran Hamawand Herki Jaff Khoshnaw Mangur Mirawdale Muzuri Sanjâbi Şêxbizin Suramiri Zangana Zil
Iran	Bajalan Chalabianlu Chegini Donboli Feyli Gewirk Guran Jaff Jahanbeglu Jalali Kakavand Kalhor Kordshuli Kuruni Lak Malekshahi Milan Mirawdale Modan Pazuki Reşwan Sanjâbi Shekak Suramiri Zangana Zarrin-Kafsh
Azerbaijan	Sheylanli
Turkey	Çelebi Gewirk Herki Hesenan Jalali Koçgiri Milan Miran Modan Motikan Parçikan Pazooka Reşwan Şêxbizin
Syria	Milan Miran Reşwan
Historical tribes	Hadhabani Mahmudi Qaymariyya Shabankara Zilan

v t e Iranian Intermezzo dynasties (800–1100 AD)
Persian and Caspian kingdoms	Tahirid dynasty Saffarid dynasty Samanid dynasty Ziyarid dynasty Buyid dynasty Kakuyid dynasty Sallarid dynasty Bavand dynasty
Kurdish kingdoms	Rawadid dynasty Marwanids Shaddadids Hasanwayhids Annazids Hadhabani (tribe)
Khwarezmian kingdoms	Afrighids Ma'munids
Sogdian kingdoms	Banu Ilyas Sajid dynasty
See also	Ghaznavids Seljuk Empire Kara-Khanid Khanate Nizari Ismaili state Abbasid Caliphate Fatimid Caliphate